Free The Second World War12/24/2023 ![]() Instead, Americans’ worst fears and prejudices were displaced onto Japanese Americans throughout the war. German Americans and Italian Americans did not encounter the hostility and suspicion that characterized World War I. Fears of disloyalty were not, with one exception, as intense. The nature of that attack aroused Americans’ fighting spirit. In 1941, with the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, an America that had resisted Roosevelt’s efforts to assist the Allies suddenly found itself thrust into war. In many ways, he was too successful - and some of his subordinates were even more excessive. Roosevelt faced less political dissent, more support for WWII than Wilson for WWIīecause the nation was not attacked directly in World War I, in 1917 President Woodrow Wilson, having determined that war was necessary, went to great pains to excite American patriotism and bellicosity. Several key differences between the way America entered war in 19 are crucial to understanding the different status of civil liberties in the two eras. Roosevelt at times wanted to squelch the more vocal and extreme critics of his wartime policies, but his subordinates typically resisted his calls for indictments or other repressive measures against dissenters. There were some abuses, but government officials (particularly in the Justice Department), keenly aware of the tension between civil liberties and unreflective pursuit of public opinion, kept them to a minimum. Many events during this conflict challenged the First Amendment rights of individuals.Ĭivil liberties had different status in WWII than WWIĪs the United States was drawn into World War II, many prominent Americans warned against repeating the excesses against dissenters that had characterized the World War I era. War is often hard on civil liberties, and World War II was no exception.
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